Facsimiles of Medieval Manuscripts and Incunabula

Clementinum, National Library of Czech Republic, MS 23 C

The Velislai Biblia Picta is a picture bible, which reduces the text of the bible down to short captions which frame the 747 ink and color wash images. Velislav, notary of John I of Bohemia and Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV, is believed to have been the patron.

Black and White Facsimile

Vienna, Österreichische Nationalbibliothek, MS Theol. graec. 31

The Vienna Genesis, a purple codex, dates to the first half of the 6th century and is the oldest surviving illustrated biblical codex. There are twenty-four surviving folios, each with miniatures at the bottom of both recto and verso that directly relate to the text above them.

High Quality Color Facsimile

Florence, Bibliotheca Medicea Laurenziana, cod. Plut. I, 56

The Rabbula Gospels is a well-known Syriac Christian gospel book with some of the earliest developed Christian iconography in large miniatures. The manuscript takes its name from the signature of its scribe.

Color Partial Facsimile

Black and White and Some Color Facsimile with Russian Introduction

Jerusalem, National and University Library

The Aleppo Codex was written in Tiberias in the 10th century C.E. It is organized in the tradition of the Sephardi biblical manuscripts where the Torah and Nevi’im are conventional, but the Ketuvim differs.

High Quality Color Facsimile

St. Petersburg, Russian National Library, Firkovich B. 19.A

The Leningrad Codex is the oldest complete manuscript of the Hebrew Bible in Hebrew and dates to 1008 C.E., according to its colophon. Like the Aleppo Codex, this manuscript follows the Tiberian mesorah.

Black and While Facsimile with English Introduction

Black and White and Some Color Facsimile

Black and White Partial Facsimile with Russian Commentary

The Codex Vyssegradensis, or the Coronation Gospels of King Vratislaus, is a Gospel Book from the late 11th-century. The manuscript contains the earliest known representation of the Tree of Jesse.

High Quality Color Facsimile with unknown language Commentary

London, British Library, Add. MS 43725 (and Leipzig University, Saint Catherine's Monastery, Russian National Library)

The Codex Sinaiticus is one of the four Greek Christian Bible codices, written in 4th century uncials. Although most of the Old Testament is missing, scholars believe it once contained the entire Hebrew Bible. In its current form the Codex Sinaiticus contains half the Septuagint, the complete New Testament, the entire Deuterocanonical books, the Epistle of Barnabas, and portions of the Shepherd of Hermas. The manuscript was begun after 325 C.E. because it contains the Eusebian Canons, and was most likely completed around the middle of the 4th century.

High Quality Color Facsimile